Several major research studies conducted in such diverse states as Maine, Florida, and Washington, as well as nationally (source: The Home School Manual, 6th ed by Theodore E. Wade , Jr, et al., Gazelle Publications, 1995, pp. 25-26) have compared the academic performance of home-schooled students to national norms. Home-schooled students typically perform well above national averages on standardized achievement tests. Home-schooled students have parents who are especially dedicated and supportive, which is certainly a factor that contributes to their academic performance. The student-teacher ratio in the home school is also optimal for promoting academic performance.